Transgenic plants ectopically expressing late pollen actin ACT1 protein in leaves from the vegetative ACT2 promoter (A2p:A1) have dwarf phenotypes and altered morphology for all organs. For example, the branching of the inflorescence stem is abnormal. Over expression of ACT2 vegetative actin does not produce strong phenotypes. This proves the functional non-equivalency of ACT1 and ACT2 actin isovariants.

Three week old WT (left)and dwarf A2P:A1 (right) plants. Six week old WT (left) and dwarf A2P:A1 (right) plants. Wild type plants with normal branching of the infloresenceype A2P:A1 plants have altered brancing of the infloresence

Kandasamy et al., 2002

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